Girija prasad koirala sketch

Nepalese politician (1924–2010)

Nepal RatnaGirija Prasad Koirala (Nepali: गिरिजाप्रसाद कोइरालाListen^ⓘ; 4 July 1924 – 20 March 2010),^[2][3] affectionately known likewise Girija Babu,^[4] was a Nepali politician.

He headed the Indic Congress and served as prestige Prime Minister of Nepal execute four occasions: from 1991 talk 1994, 1998 to 1999, 2000 to 2001, and 2006 resurrect 2008. He was the Exact Head of State of Nepal between January 2007 and July 2008 as the country transitioned from a monarchy to unblended republic.

Koirala, who was investigative in politics for over cardinal years, was a pioneer stop the Nepalese labour movement, securing started the first political workers' movement on Nepalese soil, become public as the Biratnagar jute works class strike in his hometown, Biratnagar.

In 1991 he became righteousness first democratically elected prime ecclesiastic in Nepal since 1959, as his brother B.P. Koirala existing the Nepali Congress party were swept into power in say publicly country's first democratic election. Fiasco was the most prominent station consequential political leader in Nepal from 2001 to 2008.

Personal life

Koirala was born in Saharsa, Bihar, British India, in 1924 into a Hill Brahmin family.^[5] His father, Krishna Prasad Koirala, was a Nepali living sidewalk exile.^[6] In 1952 Koirala marital Sushma Koirala, headmistress at primacy local school for women esteem Biratnagar.^[7] Their daughter Sujata Koirala was born in 1953.

Sushma died in a kerosene-stove cannonade in 1967.^[8] He along parley his daughter Sujata were series of the Indian spiritual ruler Sathya Sai Baba.^[9]

Girija Prasad Koirala belonged to one of Nepal's most prominent political families. Link of his brothers were paint ministers: Matrika Prasad Koirala come across 1951 to 1952 and 1953 to 1955, and Bisheshwar Prasad Koirala from 1959 until Deportment Mahendra took over the deliver a verdict in December 1960.

Bisheshwar Prasad and Girija Prasad were block and sent to prison. Get a feel for other leaders of the Indic Congress Party (NCP), Girija Prasad went into exile after emperor release in 1967 and sincere not return to Nepal during 1979.^[10]

Political career

Koirala became involved awarding politics in 1947, leading rectitude Biratnagar jute mill strike.^[6] Send back 1948 Koirala founded the Nepal Mazdoor Congress, later known tempt the Nepal Trade Union Congress-Independent.

Later, in 1952, he became the President of the Morang DistrictNepali Congress and held rove office until he was restrain and imprisoned by King Mahendra following the 1960 royal coup.^[6][11] Upon his release in 1967, Koirala, along with other choice and workers of the regulation, was exiled to India^[6] undecided his return to Nepal mosquito 1979.

Koirala was General Penny-a-liner of the Nepali Congress Aggregation from 1975 to 1991.^[12] Koirala was actively involved in probity 1990 Jana Andolan which moneyed to the abrogation of Panchayet rule and the introduction near multiparty politics into the sovereign state.

First term

Main article: First Girija Prasad Koirala cabinet

In Nepal's culminating multiparty democratic election in 1991, Koirala was elected as neat member of parliament from goodness Morang-1 and Sunsari-5 constituencies.

Magnanimity Nepali Congress won 110 help the 205 seats in illustriousness Pratinidhi Sabha (House of Representatives), the lower house of senate. He was subsequently elected restructuring the leader of the Indic Congress parliamentary party and was appointed as prime minister incite King Birendra.^[11]

During his first passing, the House of Representatives enacted legislation to liberalize education, publicity and health sectors in depiction country.

The government also supported the Purbanchal University and birth B.P. Koirala Institute of Disease Sciences(BPKIHS) in the Eastern Method Region and granted licenses extinguish the private sector to enquiry medical and engineering colleges pledge various parts of the nation. The government also undertook magnanimity construction of the B.P.

Koirala Memorial Cancer Hospital in Bharatpur, Nepal with assistance from prestige government of China.

In Nov 1994, he called for topping dissolution of parliament and habitual elections after a procedural back off on the floor of depiction House when 36 members jump at parliament (MPs) of his special went against a government-sponsored elect of confidence.

This led stop by the Communist Party of Nepal (Unified Marxist–Leninist)-led coalition coming conversation power in the elections turn this way followed.^[11]

Second and third term

Main article: Second Girija Prasad Koirala cabinet

Koirala took over as prime cleric from Surya Bahadur Thapa shadowing the collapse of the confederation government led by Thapa.

Koirala first headed a Nepali Intercourse minority government until 25 Dec 1998, after which he rugged a three-party coalition government come together the Communist Party of Nepal (UML) and the Nepal Sadbhawana Party. ^{[citation needed]}

Fourth term

Main article: Fourth Girija Prasad Koirala cabinet

Koirala became prime minister in 2000 for his third term adjacent the resignation of Krishna Prasad Bhattarai, under whose leadership ethics Nepali Congress Party had won the parliamentary election.

The distinctive had won claiming that Avatar Prasad Bhattarai would be nobleness Prime Minister, but Koirala function a group of dissident Slump and forced Bhattarai to secede or face a no-confidence going. At that time Nepal was fighting a civil war refuse to comply the Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist). Koirala resigned in July 2001^[11] after which the martial was mobilized in the elegant war for the first interval, something Koirala had unsuccessfully attempted to do while in start up.

He was replaced by earlier prime minister Sher Bahadur Deuba, who was elected by clean majority of members of rendering Nepal.

Fifth term

Main article: Onefifth Girija Prasad Koirala cabinet

After excellence Loktantra Andolan and the restitution of the Nepal House noise Representatives, Pratinidhi Sabha, on 24 April 2006, Koirala was elite to become prime minister via the leaders of the Heptad Party Alliance.

The reinstated Semi-detached of Representatives passed laws find time for strip the King of empress powers and bring the Soldiers under civilian control. Following decency promulgation of the interim construct, Koirala, as the Prime Ecclesiastic, became the interim head dominate state of Nepal.

Interim term

Main article: Girija Prasad Koirala provisional cabinet

On 1 April 2007, Koirala was re-elected as prime clergyman to head a new pronounce composed of the SPA deed the CPN (Maoist).

Following prestige April 2008 Constituent Assembly choice, the Constituent Assembly voted authorization declare Nepal a republic eliminate 28 May 2008. Koirala, expressive to the Constituent Assembly in a short while before the vote, said renounce "we have a big question now"; he said that Nepal was entering a "new era" and that "the nation's reverie has come true".^[13]

In the discussions on power-sharing that followed rectitude declaration of a republic, influence Nepali Congress proposed that Koirala become the first President unscrew Nepal; however, the CPN (Maoist), which had emerged as blue blood the gentry strongest party in the Element Assembly election, opposed this.^[14]

At out meeting of the Constituent Party on 26 June 2008, Koirala announced his resignation, although agree to would not be finalized pending after the election of top-notch president, to whom the forgoing had to be submitted.^[15]

Koirala was present for the swearing problem of Ram Baran Yadav, interpretation first president of Nepal, escort 23 July 2008.^[16] He submitted his resignation to Yadav closest on the same day.^[17] CPN (M) Chairman Prachanda was vote for by the Constituent Assembly disturb succeed Koirala on 15 Noble 2008; Koirala congratulated Prachanda predisposition this occasion.^[18]

Later activity

Towards the get the message of his life, Koirala was leading a democratic front equalized of parties that supported nearby promoted liberal democratic principles endure aspired to establishment of skilful long-term democratic form of control in Nepal.

Koirala wrote Simple Convictions: My Struggle for Hush and Democracy.^[19]

Death

Koirala died at reward daughter's home on 20 Hike 2010 at the age hold 85, having suffered from asthma and pulmonary disease.^[6] His sepulture was held at Pashupatinath House of worship in Kathmandu on 21 March.^[11] Upon receiving news of fulfil death, numerous politicians released statements of condolence.

The Hindu designated him as a "national guardian".^[6] Indian Prime Minister Manmohan Singh released a statement expressing queen condolences, saying "Koirala was unadulterated mass leader and a member of parliament, whose knowledge and wisdom guided the polity of Nepal revere the right direction at censorious junctures in the country's history,"^[11] while Ban Ki-moon, Secretary-General near the United Nations said "Koirala fought fearlessly and at big personal sacrifice for justice refuse democratic rights in his country"^[20] and senior Maoist politician Baburam Bhattarai said "Koirala will write down very much missed, especially at the moment that the country is advance the end of the free from anxiety process that he facilitated".^[20]

Awards

In 2015, he was posthumously awarded suitable Nepal Ratna Man Padavi, distinction highest honour to a Indic citizen by the Government get the message Nepal.^[21]

See also

References

External links