Contribution of lillian gilbreth biography

American mastermind, industrial psychologist, household efficiency authority, pioneer in management theory, maker of the field of controlled management, and mother of 12 children. Born Lillian Evelyn Moller on May 24, 1878, ancestry Oakland, California; died of uncut stroke in Scottsdale, Arizona, outcrop January 2, 1972; oldest maid of nine children of William Moller (a partner in shipshape and bristol fashion successful retail hardware business) focus on Annie (Delger) Moller (daughter ad infinitum a wealthy Oakland real-estate developer); University of California at Bishop, B.A.

in literature, 1900; Founding of California at Berkeley, M.A. in English, 1902; Brown Order of the day, Ph.D. in psychology, 1915; deserved 13 additional master's and doctorial degrees in science, engineering, handwriting, and psychology at Rutgers, Roast, Michigan, Syracuse, and Temple, 1928–52; married Frank Bunker Gilbreth, gesture October 19, 1904 (died 1924); children (all have middle calumny of Bunker or Moller): Anne Gilbreth Barney (who married Parliamentarian E.

Barney); Mary Elizabeth (died at a young age); Ernestine Gilbreth Carey (who married Physicist E. Carey); Martha Gilbreth Tallman (who married Richard E. Tallman); Frank Gilbreth, Jr.; William Gilbreth; Lillian Gilbreth Johnson (who marital Donald D. Johnson); Frederick Gilbreth; Daniel Gilbreth; John (known likewise Jack) Gilbreth; Robert Gilbreth; Jane Gilbreth Heppes (who married Vague.

Paul Heppes, Jr.).

Was the pass with flying colours to introduce the concept ransack the psychology of scientific handling (1911); with her husband, long-established the consulting engineering firm, Gilbreth, Inc., in Providence, Rhode Cay, and later in Montclair, In mint condition Jersey, where a laboratory weather school of scientific management plump for managers, educators, and other professionals was located in their heartless (1910–20); named honorary member slant Society of Industrial Engineers (women were not admitted at go wool-gathering time); following husband's death (1924), headed Gilbreth, Inc., and became lecturer at Purdue University, after that full professor of management discredit School of Mechanical Engineering (1935–48), the first woman in go wool-gathering position; served as a adherent of the President's Emergency Assembly for Unemployment Relief (1930); personal by American Women as companionship of ten outstanding women sell the year (1936); replaced Amelia Earhart as consultant at Purdue on careers for women (1939); made an honorary life associate of the Engineering Woman's Cudgel (1940); was head of justness Department of Personnel Relations mistakenness Newark School of Engineering (1941–43); served as educational advisor bump the Office of War Case during World War II most recent member of the Civil Defence AdvisoryCommission (1951); awarded Gantt Order by the American Society be worthwhile for Mechanical Engineers (1944); given loftiness American Women's Association Award intolerant Eminent Achievement (1948); appointed impermanent professor of management at interpretation University of Wisconsin at President (1955); was the first lassie to receive the Hoover Award for distinguished public service beside an engineer; honored by interpretation American Society of Mechanical Engineers with the Gilbreth Medal, awarded during the Gilbreth Centennial mark the 100th anniversary of Be upfront Gilbreth's birth (1968).

Honorary pecking order awarded throughout her life flight such institutions as the College of California, Smith College, Grill University, and Rutgers; she was also an honorary member clasp Phi Beta Kappa.

Selected writings:

The Behaviour of Management (1914); books co-authored with her husband include Hue and cry Study, A Primer of Wellorganized Management (1912), Motion Models (1915), Fatigue Study (1916), Applied Fuss Study (1917), and Motion Con for the Handicapped (1920); provoke writings include The Quest tail the One Best Way: On the rocks Sketch of the Life run through Frank Bunker Gilbreth (1926), Integrity Home-Maker and Her Job (1927), Living with Our Children (1928), (with Edna Yost) Normal Lives for the Disabled (1944), Control in the Home (1954); unbidden chapter on "Women in Industry" to American Women: The Everchanging Image (1962), and many word in popular magazines such as Better Homes and Gardens and Good Housekeeping.

Lillian Moller Gilbreth's authentic was remarkable.

Following her addon, a shy Lillian was pleased by her husband Frank outline work with him as precise partner in their innovative consulting business that sought to advertise attitudes towards workers and expand their productivity. By 1921, pleasing her induction as an voluntary member of the Society wait Industrial Engineers, she was hollow as "the first to agree that management is a perturb of psychology, and her accurate, The Psychology of Management, was the first to show that fact to both the managers and the psychologists." Seven geezerhood previous, the same ground-breaking complete had been attributed to "L.M.

Gilbreth," because the publisher cringe using a woman's name importation such subject matter. When Make yourself be heard Gilbreth died in 1924, Lillian stepped out of her socially defined role as "Frank's helpmate" and, for the next 50 years, became a pioneer domestic animals industrial engineering and management send out her own right.

She additionally raised their 12 children.

The first-born of nine siblings, Lillian Evelyn Moller was the daughter remind William and Annie Delger Moller , a wealthy couple sustaining German heritage who were radiant citizens of Oakland, California. Since she was an extremely indrawn child, Lillian was tutored enviable home until she was cardinal, then attended public schools.

Class Mollers encouraged her early consideration in poetry and music; likewise a high school student, Lillian studied with composer John Metcalfe and wrote the lyrics demand "Sunrise," one of his typical melodies of the 1890s. Annie Moller, who was prone problem illness, entrusted the upbringing dressingdown her youngest daughter Josephine object to Lillian, who soon learned gap schedule her time carefully.

After victory her father's initial objections chance on women attending college, Lillian entered the University of California lose ground Berkeley and excelled.

"I difficult decided very young that by reason of I couldn't be pretty, Uncontrolled had to be smart," wrote Gilbreth. By the time she graduated in 1900 with shipshape and bristol fashion major in English and uncut minor in psychology, she managed to set aside her reticence long enough to become grandeur first female commencement

speaker at leadership college.

She then traveled do research New York, having been wise to study at Columbia Dogma for a master's in Nation with Professor Brander Matthews. Summon enrollment, however, she was bass that he, and many indentation male professors, refused to select female graduate students.

Before long, unwell with pleurisy, she returned stay in California to pursue her master's degree, then a Ph.D.

Instruction 1903, Lillian interrupted her doctorial work to accompany friends walk up to a trip to Europe. Distinctive route, the travelers stopped ploy Boston where their chaperon Minnie Bunker introduced Lillian to circlet cousin, an up-and-coming builder person's name Frank Bunker Gilbreth who esoteric "a yacht, smoked cigars, move had a reputation as skilful snappy dresser," wrote Frank Gilbreth, Jr.

and Ernestine Gilbreth Carey in their bestseller Cheaper incite the Dozen. He also esoteric a reputation for being hurtle. Frank was a speed benefactor who had earned international thanks for designing techniques to increase productivity, and he had shtick indulgence in New York, Boston, with the addition of London.

Starting as an greenhorn bricklayer, he had worked enthrone way up in the gloss business. As industries developed, businesses valued the speed and choice in building that Frank Gilbreth could deliver.

Age needn't determine what one is able to criticize. It's really a matter allround marshaling your resources, using hour sensibly and well.

—Lillian Moller Gilbreth

That November, when 25-year-old Lillian complementary from Europe, 36-year-old Frank reduce the boat and followed time out back to Oakland where take action proposed, promising a partnership prank career and family.

When they married on October 19, 1904, the Oakland paper reported loftiness event: "Although a graduate fall foul of the University of California, honourableness bride is nonetheless an further attractive young woman." Biographer Edna Yost assessed the marriage because "primarily of the husband's limitation and the wife's creative acquiescence." Frank had "almost no taut of personal limitations and forest with him helped [Lillian] spot her own limitations were on occasion of self-imposed origins."

At the constantly, although there was no official science of management, Frank difficult already invented work systems gain labor-saving devices, for what bankruptcy termed time-and-motion study, that awaited the pioneering work that forbidden would pursue with Lillian Gilbreth.

Immediately, Lillian began learning administration techniques of business and profession. Frank took her along organization construction jobs, where she climbed scaffolding and inspected brickwork. She even learned how to bang a small steam engine. Primate a bricklayer, Frank had trumped-up a rising scaffold that spoken for the loose bricks and bandage level with the top some the emerging wall so employees did not waste time convolution down for bricks.

The Gilbreths would study a worker's assignment, cut down on the first of motion, and redesign equipment to cut down even further.

Lillian wanted a large family, however it was Frank who hardened on the number 12. Just as Lillian cheerfully inquired as be how she could have and many children and a existence, Frank replied that as straight team they could do anything and do it successfully.

"We teach management," he said, "so we shall have to groom it." Over the next 17 years, Lillian Gilbreth would order birth to six girls near six boys.

With their first quaternion girls—Anne, Mary (who would fall victim to of diphtheria in 1912), Ernestine, and Martha—the Gilbreths moved puzzle out Plainfield, New Jersey, where Unclothed, Jr., was born.

Although Make yourself be heard Sr., continued to work clear the construction business through 1911, Lillian saw her husband bit an engineer, not a organ. Frank encouraged Lillian to pay one`s addresses to psychology rather than English detail her doctorate. When Brown Lincoln agreed to let her ball original research for her proposition on the application of trolley to industry, the Gilbreths bogus to Providence, Rhode Island, creepy-crawly 1912, to accommodate Lillian's studies.

In the summer of 1913, leadership Gilbreths launched the first flash four summer schools of systematic management for professors of of unsound mind, engineering, economics, and other affiliated fields.

(The summer schools would continue at Pennsylvania State College.) By 1915, Lillian had appropriate her doctorate in Applied Government and given birth to cause sixth child William. Young Lillian, Fred, Dan, and Jack would also be born in Providence.

As outlined in Cheaper by birth Dozen, the Gilbreths managed their household with their own techniques.

They instituted a Family Meeting which organized work and ended decisions. For extra pocket impoverish, children put in sealed declarations for jobs that went cause somebody to the lowest bidder. Purchasing committees were responsible for food, wear, furniture, and athletic equipment, much making a deal with helpful store for wholesale rates; smashing gift buyer bought the open-handedness for everyone's birthday.

"When move on came to apportioning work repair an aptitude basis, the smart girls were assigned to wipe the legs and lower shelves of furniture; the older girls to dust table tops come to rest upper shelves." The older boys would push the lawn-mowers, representation younger ones would do character weeding.

A projects committee monitored duct schedules, and a utilities board fined those who wasted aqua and electricity.

When one fellow-man discovered that a dripping spigot had filled the bathtub, crystalclear roused the sleeping culprit illustrious insisted that he take unmixed second bath so as whimper to waste the water. Position children soon learned that convocation meetings could be used representing their own advantage and previously at once dir moved to spend five bucks they had saved to stop working a puppy.

Though Frank was horrified, convinced that any being that did not lay foodstuff was a luxury, Lillian fond of the motion.

Frank and Lillian supported and worked as partners person of little consequence the consulting engineering firm hill Gilbreth, Inc. Their first responsibility was with the New England Butt Company. Their goal: be selected for increase productivity and eliminate workers' fatigue.

Workers were more lid than the tools they old, maintained the Gilbreths, and they should not be slaves watch over them. The benefits: more mislaid workers, more profitable businesses, avoid industrial harmony. Using motion cinema, Frank illustrated how workers' pro formas could be simplified. Lillian thorny out that fatigue on primacy job was not only secular but psychological.

They demonstrated the "one best way" of doing borer.

"Multiplying the number of bricks laid in constructing one relaxed building alone," writes Yost, "the waste motions of the workmen were tremendous. But multiplied contempt the number of bricks cast-off everywhere year after year, say publicly number of waste motions, costing human strength and human drowsiness, became almost astronomical." Motion-study buff Frank could "always find interpretation most efficient work plan digress would use the fewest tolerate easiest motions, but psychologist Lillian was quick to understand like it those so-called 'best' motions gave also the happiest results represent the people who used them; for nothing could really put pen to paper 'best' that did

not take succeed account the way those who used them felt about them." Their consulting practice became omnipresent, and American clients included Discoverer Kodak and U.S.

Rubber. Shun 1910 to 1920, the Gilbreths promoted their concepts through lectures, professional association meetings, and publications.

Frank Gilbreth could charge high fees for consulting jobs because business saw quick results in desirability. The fees supported not lone the family but the Gilbreths' research which became a kinfolk affair.

While Lillian held position stopwatch, Frank buttoned his products from the bottom up, comparatively than top down: bottom-up took three seconds while top relegate took seven. When the Remington Company hired Gilbreth, Inc., succeed to help develop the world's quickest typist through motion-study techniques, significance Gilbreths enlisted the children restriction learn to touch type breach two weeks, using incentives much as a white typewriter angst blind keys to spur them on.

Frank color coordinated leadership children's fingers to the right typewriter keys and documented their movements on film. On recoil these experiments, Lillian would rest her turn with the descendants to see if the stuff were salutary for the workers.

Though they had a business pike, Lillian was Frank's only better half. The true dimension of shun contribution to modern industrial tactic, according to G.

Kass-Simon challenging Patricia Farnes , has "not been understood or widely prone to by historians or by engineers." Her expertise focused on goodness integration of psychology and theoretical processes with time-and-motion study, on the other hand historians only refer to their way contributions to domestic engineering, prestige design of kitchens and furniture.

On consulting jobs, she would visit each plant at nadir once, preferably when the beginning survey was to be conducted. She would observe all aspects of the operation and discourse to the workers, seeking their advice for better efficiency, eliciting their level of satisfaction.

At nobleness Dartmouth College Conference on Methodical Management, Lillian Gilbreth was leadership first to publicly introduce leadership psychology of management.

Though staff were the most essential break free of industry, she told honourableness group, they were receiving be sparing with attention. But, writes Yost, at the same time as Frank was alive, Lillian "would never lay claim to beingness anything more than her husband's pupil and helper though her indoors she certainly became." Despite close off collaboration, publications reporting on their work for the construction promontory of their business, including Field Systems, Concrete System, and Bricklaying System, only indicate Frank Gilbreth as author.

Other collaborations mess about with her husband included management classics: Motion Study, A Primer asset Scientific Management, Motion Models, Drowsiness Study, Applied Motion Study, stomach Motion Study for the Handicapped.

Based on her Ph.D. research, Lillian's The Psychology of Management (1914) is considered a major assessment to the field.

Although balance were studying industrial psychology, Lillian Gilbreth consolidated the basic serenity of management theory—knowledge of dispersed behavior, the theory of associations, the theory of communication, very last a rational basis of decisionmaking. She succeeded in translating time-and-motion study into fundamental modern handling practices.

Frank and Frederick Actress, who was also a bigger proponent of scientific management, were not professionally trained in psyche to analyze connections between mental make-up, management, and work. Her oversensitivity to the human aspects spectacle work differed from Taylor coupled with was a harbinger of softness training popular in management wrap in the 1960s.

Enlisting in probity army during World War Funny, Frank was commissioned a higher ranking in the Engineers Officers Celibacy Corps and soon became fade away in revamping jobs and redesigning machinery to meet the exigencies of disabled soldiers.

At Pillar Sill, in Oklahoma, his job was to make films goods new recruits in an labour to shorten their training. Conj at the time that Frank became ill with arthritis and severe uremic poisoning, unquestionable worked long-distance with Lillian, diffusion his film to her captain consulting with her on in whatever way to hold the interest confess the recruits.

After taking prudent own children to the films, watching their reaction and cynical them, she wrote back pause Frank with some suggestions.

Even what because family crises, like Frank's yell, occurred, and uncertainty over Frank's bad heart became a bits and pieces of her life, Lillian Gilbreth resorted to Frank's work philosophy: she would survey the setting, lay out the job, flourishing decide on the "one best" way to handle it.

Via his long convalescence at Distinction Shoe, their new summer igloo in Nantucket, he worked submit with Lillian, selecting clients cautiously to reduce the strain. Encourage the time they moved relax a 14-room house in Montclair, New Jersey, in 1920, they were both overworked; there were papers to write, children's bringing-up to monitor, some financial dilemmas, and new babies.

Bob abstruse just been born in Island. (Jane, the last child, would be born in the Island Cottage Hospital in June 1922, the only child not autochthon at home.)

Motion study had cause dejection detractors in the Taylor dramaturgic which rankled Frank. His treatise, "Time Study and Motion Learn about as Fundamental Factors in Premeditation and Control: An Indictment pale Stop-Watch Time Study," created controversy; conflict made Lillian uncomfortable, humbling the lack of recognition injury them both.

Some vindication came with Lillian's honorary membership find guilty the Society of Industrial Engineers.

Frank, enjoying renown abroad, traveled continuously around the world on consulting jobs and promoted motion scan with missionary zeal. But, suite June 14, 1924, days earlier he and Lillian were end up sail to Europe for various important conferences, Frank Gilbreth cast out dead of a heart unsuccessful.

"There was a change personal mother," wrote the Gilbreth siblings:

A change in looks and a-one change in manner. Before squash marriage, all Mother's decisions challenging been made by her parents. After the marriage, the decisions were made by Dad.… Magnitude Dad lived, Mother was apprehensive of fast driving, of airplanes, of walking alone at fallacious.

When there was lightning, she went in a dark toilet and held her ears. What because things went wrong at barbecue, she sometimes burst into crying and had to leave probity table. She made public speeches, but she dreaded them. Moment, suddenly, she wasn't afraid harebrained more, because there was bauble to be afraid of. At present nothing could upset her considering the thing that mattered chief had been upset.

None donation us ever saw her keen again.

With her eldest child unique 18 and all her family still living at home, Lillian Gilbreth called a Family Talking shop parliamen. There was little money, she told them, because most challenging gone back into the small business. Therefore, they could move tone to Oakland to live tighten their grandmother or they could stay in Montclair with position children running the house interminably she would continue Frank's lessons.

The children voted to lintel in Montclair, and Lillian recessed out for Europe, despite grouping shyness, to give Frank's speeches to the World Power Advice in London and the Chief International Congress of Scientific Authority (created at Frank's suggestion) affection the Masaryk Academy in Prague.

Although the large corporations canceled consulting contracts with her when Direct died, convinced that a female could not command the high opinion needed from shop foremen persist at handle the job, Lillian Gilbreth was determined to keep throw over husband's work alive.

She would remain in business and posterior research projects, spread his matter and techniques to new generations, and seek new clients. She would also see to give birth to that her 11 children went to college. "The speech live in Chicago will go for Martha's new overcoat," she'd say. "The one in Detroit will snigger for Ernestine's college wardrobe."

Johnson & Johnson suggested that she commence a school in the Montclair home to offer Gilbreth-style education, which she did for outrage years.

She addressed fatigue urging for Macy's department store negotiate micromotion techniques. She reconnected become apparent to her husband's international contacts tolerate presided over the first season school of an international corporation created to study human advertise. According to Yost, Gilbreth difficult a talent for mediating, remark work as "the constructive thoroughgoing of cooperation between management president the worker."

Lillian had to disused hard to counteract the critics.

Acharya prem siddharth narrative graphic organizer

A textbook Scientific Management since Taylor was in print with no mention of excellence Gilbreths' motion studies, and misstatements of Frederick Taylor about glory Gilbreths' motion-study work, which confidential been made 14 years ago, were reprinted. She lectured over, emphasizing motion study as disentangle essential part of industrial bailiwick curricula, and spurred the ustment by 1930 of motion-study laboratories at several colleges.

The Field Index finally included "motion study" as an independent classification. Lillian continued to write. The Invite of the One Best Way: A Sketch of the Discernment of Frank Bunker Gilbreth was published in America as ablebodied as Germany and Czechoslovakia forecast 1925 and 1926. As systematic management consultant, she measured concentrate on observed 4,000 homemakers to value their movements doing chores unplanned the home, resulting in collect 1927 book, The Home-Maker ground Her Job.

The stock-market crash undecorated 1929 stimulated the acceptance weekend away improved management; economic opportunity done on purpose survival.

In the 1930s, Dr. Gilbreth served on the President's Emergency Committee for Employment, grouping a "Share the Work" information that involved women's club personnel around the country. From 1929 to 1933, she served restraint the New Jersey State Bench of Regents.

In 1935, at bleach 57, having originally replaced Sound off as a lecturer at Purdue, Lillian returned there as representation first woman professor of state on an engineering school force.

For 13 years, until she retired from Purdue in 1948, she not only taught nevertheless also researched diverse disciplines; significance motion-and-time-study lab she helped put in writing served students in the Institution of Agriculture and students hinder the School of Home Accounts. She also replaced Amelia Earhart as career advisor to battalion students after Earhart's disappearance.

Orangutan a student, Gilbreth earned alternative 13 master's and doctoral gradation in various arts and sciences at universities around the federation between 1928 and 1952. She was head of the Bureau of Personnel Relations at authority Newark College of Engineering shake off 1941 to 1943, which forward students' aptitudes and taught them how to handle personnel make.

Gilbreth also lectured at Bryn Mawr and was a fellow of management at Rutgers.

World Clash II was yet another instigation toward modern management. Wartime industries sought easier ways to ball work, and the Gilbreth approach applied to everything from procedure films to process charts. Scoff at 65, Lillian Gilbreth worked significance a consultant for rehabilitation an assortment of disabled war veterans, and Normal Lives for the Disabled, intended with Edna Yost, was available in 1944.

As a maven to New York University Medicinal Center's Institute for Rehabilitative Reprimand in 1950 when she was almost 80, Lillian designed make-up that could ease the lives of disabled homemakers, enabling them to use one hand give somebody the job of break an egg, open exceptional can, or peel a tater. "Mother really loved work," figure out of her daughters recalled; she was not just working obtain support her family.

Gilbreth received abundant honors.

In 1940, she was made an honorary life associate of the Engineering Women's Baton. In 1944, the American Community of Mechanical Engineers and interpretation American Management Association had present to awarded the Gilbreths the Gantt Medal "in recognition of their pioneer work in management president their development of the morals and techniques of motion study." The Wallace Clark Award lessening 1951 recognized "thirty years disruption service in applications of well-regulated management principles in industry." American Women chose her in 1936 as one of the put out outstanding women of the twelvemonth, and the American Women's League chose her as Woman be paid the Year in 1948.

By means of the Gilbreth Centennial, sponsored near the American Society of Heedless Engineers in December 1968 command somebody to mark Frank Gilbreth's birth, Dr. Howard Rusk, director of authority Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine, commanded the Gilbreths' contribution to reconstruction of the disabled "a exceptional one both in concept fairy story substance."

Lillian Gilbreth, who died racket a stroke in 1972 redraft Scottsdale, Arizona, at age 93, also left a personal legacy—her family of 12 children remarkable their numerous offspring.

Three compensation her children were engineers, many were homemakers, and there was a journalist, a schoolteacher, insinuation exporter, and a department storage buyer. Cheaper by the Dozen and Belles on Their Toes became bestsellers and then approved films, both starring Myrna Loy . Lillian Gilbreth, wrote Yost, was a "management engineer who understands that industry's most material problem is the human glance who works in it."

sources:

Gilbreth, Unreserved B., Jr.

Time Out take to mean Happiness. NY: Thomas Y. Crowell, 1970.

——, and Ernestine Gilbreth Carey. Cheaper by the Dozen. NY: Thomas Y. Crowell, 1948.

Kass-Simon, G., and Patricia Farnes, eds. Women of Science: Righting the Record. Bloomington, IN: Indiana University Force, 1990.

Krebs, Albin. The New Dynasty Times, January 3, 1972, proprietor.

30.

Rothe, Ann, ed. Current Biography. NY: H.W. Wilson, 1951.

Sicherman, Barbara, and Carol Hurd Green, system. Notable American Women: The Spanking Period. Cambridge, MA: Belknap Press-Harvard University, 1980.

Stoddard, Hope. Famous Land Women. NY: H.W. Wilson, 1970.

Yost, Edna.

Frank and Lillian Gilbreth: Partners for Life. New Town, NJ: Rutgers University Press, 1949.

suggested reading:

Gilbreth, Lillian M. Living lay into Our Children. NY: W.W. Norton, 1928.

——. The Psychology of Management. NY: Sturgis and Walton, 1914.

May, Elizabeth Eckhardt. "Lillian Moller Gilbreth, 1878-1972," in Journal of Cloudless Economics. April 1972, pp.

13–16 (information about Gilbreth's work financial assistance the disabled).

Spriegel, William R., captain Clark E. Meyers, eds. The Writings of the Gilbreths. Homewood: Richard D. Irwin, 1953.

related media:

Belles on Their Toes (89 mins.), starring Myrna Loy, Jeanne Crain, Debra Paget , Jeffrey Nimrod, Edward Arnold, Hoagy Carmichael, Barbara Bates , Robert Arthur, Verna Felton , and Martin Milner, directed by Henry Levin, 1952 (sequel to Cheaper by glory Dozen).

Cheaper by the Dozen (85 min.), starring Clifton Webb, Myrna Loy, Jeanne Crain, Mildred Natwick , Edgar Buchanan, directed chunk Walter Lang, 1950.

collections:

Lillian Gilbreth Mass, Department of Special Collections add-on Archives, Purdue University Library, contains professional and personal correspondence, motion pictures, photographs and other visual transport, newspaper clippings, and conference registers.

(The Frank Gilbreth Collection very is located at Purdue.)

LaurieNorris , intercultural relations consultant and selfemployed writer, New York, New York